The United Nations Early Warning Mechanism for the Prevention of Genocide and its Obstruction in the Case of Palestine

المؤلفون

  • المؤلف

  • Aicha Elbasri

الكلمات المفتاحية:

United Nations Secretariat، Early Warning Mechanism for the Prevention of Genocide، Genocide، Settler Colonialism، New Anti-Semitism، The Gaza Strip، Palestine

الملخص

This study addresses a major research gap concerning the exclusion of Palestine from the UN’s early warning mechanism for genocide prevention since its establishment in 2004. It examines the disruption of the mechanism and the failure of the UN Secretary-General and his Special Adviser on the Prevention of Genocide to relay to the Security Council experts’ warnings about the risk of genocide being committed by Israel against Palestinians in Gaza. The study identifies five primary factors contributing to this failure: the mechanism’s lack of independence and its subordination to the Secretary-General’s authority; the absence of an independent expert committee to oversee the Special Adviser’s work; the vulnerability of UN Secretaries-General to pressure from Israel and its allies; the lack of UN accountability; and the failure of the Palestinian Authority and Arab states to include Palestine in the early warning mechanism, in contrast to Israel and its allies’ successful use of the mechanism to suppress critiques of Israeli policies under the guise of combating “the new anti-Semitism”. The study proposes recommendations to address these institutional flaws and reform the mechanism.

المراجع

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  124. Edward C. Luck, “Why the United Nations Underperforms at Preventing Mass Atrocities,” Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal , vol. 11, no. 3 (2018), p. 34.
  125. Dorn & Matloff , p. 308.
  126. “The Secretary-General letter to the Security Council invoking Article 99 of the United Nations Charter,” OCHA , 6/12/2023, accessed on 5/2/2024, at: https://tinyurl.com/2u7zt365; “Gaza: Guterres invokes ‘most powerful tool’ Article 99, in bid for humanitarian ceasefire,” United Nations , 6/12/2023, accessed on 8/3/2024, at: https://tinyurl.com/47zs7c5k
  127. “Humanitarian System for More than 2 Million Civilians in Gaza Facing Total Collapse, Secretary-General Warns, Once Again Urging Ceasefire, Aid Delivery at Scale Needed,” United Nations , 27/11/2023, accessed on 5/2/2024, at: https://tinyurl.com/4dxhrt8h
  128. “Highlights of the Noon Briefing by Farhan Haq,” United Nations , 18/10/2023, accessed on 5/2/2024, at: https://tinyurl.com/484dwjz4
  129. Moncef Khane, “Invoking Article 99 of the UN Charter: Does It Make a Difference?” Passblue , 18/12/2023, accessed on 14/2/2024, at: https://cutt.ly/gw1minKZ
  130. “53 rd Session of the Human Rights Council, Interactive dialogue with the Special Adviser on the Prevention of Genocide,” Press Release , United Nations, 4 July 2023, accessed on 1/4/2023, at: https://tinyurl.com/2xetbvbp
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  132. The full text of the letter is available on: “Rami Ayari,” X , 9/11/2023, accessed on 22/5/2024, at: https://bit.ly/4auufqe
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  134. Letter addressed by Palestinian Human Rights Organizations to the UN Secretary-General: “Palestinian Organizations Express Disappointment and Call for an Inquiry Regarding the Special Adviser on the Prevention of Genocide’s Failure to Fulfil Her Mandate in Addressing Israel’s Ongoing Genocide in Gaza,” Al Haq , 7/2/2024, accessed on 22/5/2024, at: https://bit.ly/44RnzRz
  135. General Assembly, “Thirtieth report of the Advisory Committee on Administrative and Budgetary Questions on the proposed program budget for the biennium 2008-2009,” para. 12-13.
  136. On how the office operates, see: Akhavan, pp. 1056-1058.
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  139. “What is the U.N. doing to Fight Antisemitism? with U.N. Special Advisor Alice Wairimu Nderitu,” MomentMag – YouTube , 19/9/2023, min. 35:00-35:31, accessed on 5/2/2024, at: https://bit.ly/4bGYKLt
  140. Ibid., min. 37:30-38:05.
  141. “AJC’s Jacob Blaustein Institute Partners with UN on New Policy for Combating Holocaust and Genocide Denial,” American Jewish Committee , 16/6/2022, accessed on 1/4/2024, at: https://cutt.ly/Zw5ZUoLg
  142. Gadi Zaig, Zvika Klein & Tovah Lazaroff, “Erdan blasts Hamas final solution wearing yellow star at UNSC,” The Jerusalem Post , 31/10/2023, accessewd on 27/5/2024, at: https://tinyurl.com/ydr3dwx7
  143. “What is the U.N. Doing to Fight Antisemitism? A Wide-Open Conversation with U.N. Special Advisor Alice Wairimu Nderitu and Noah Phillips,” Moment Magazine , min. 42:50-43:25 and 45:15-45:30, accessed on 21/3/2024, at: https://tinyurl.com/2su2ze74
  144. Ibid., min. 46:00-46:14.
  145. Ibid., min. 45:15-45:30.
  146. “Statement by the UN Special Adviser on the Prevention of Genocide on the Order of the International Court of Justice of 16 March 2022 (Ukraine vs. Russian Federation),” Global Centre for The Responsibility to Protect , 8/3/2022, accessed on 5/2/2024, at: https://bit.ly/3HT7EaV
  147. “Statement by the UN Special Adviser on the Prevention of Genocide on the situation in Armenia and Azerbaijan,” Press Release , United Nations, 27 September 2023, accessed on 2/5/2024, at: https://bit.ly/3SO2hQp
  148. “Palestinian Organizations Demand Inquiry into UN Genocide Prevention Office’s Inexcusable Failure to Address Israel’s Ongoing Genocide in Gaza,” Mezan , 7/2/2024, accessed on 14/2/2024, at: http://tinyurl.com/3pdm92xv
  149. For the three statements issued on 9, 14 February and 28 March, 2024, see: “Public Statements,” The Office of the Special Adviser on the Prevention of Genocide and the Responsibility to Protect , accessed on 1/4/2024, at: https://tinyurl.com/3b54tyzb.
  150. “Statement by Ms. Alice Wairimu Nderitu, Special Adviser on the Prevention of Genocide, on the situation in the Middle East,” Press Release , United Nations, 28 March 2024, accessed on 1/4/2024, at: https://tinyurl.com/5n863kwr
Cover of العدد 15, Almuntaqa

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