الاستبعاد الاجتماعي: مفهوم يحتاج إلى تعريف

المؤلفون

  • المؤلف

  • روبين بيس

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12816/0017237

الكلمات المفتاحية:

الاستبعاد الاجتماعي، تاريخ المفهوم، الاتحاد الأوروبي، تصنيف الناس، فضاءات الاندماج، الهوية

الملخص

نسخة مترجمة من دراسة للمؤلف روبين بيس صدرت في الأصل باللغة الإنكليزية "Social Exclusion: A Concept in Need of Definition? Social Policy Journal of New Zealand". ​يبين فيها بأن "الاستبعاد الاجتماعي" مصطلح متنازَع عليه، لا لأنه يُستخدم للإشارة الى حقل واسع من الظواهر والعمليات التي تتعلق بالفقر والحرمان والمشقة فحسب، بل لأنه يُستخدم أيضًا في ما يتعلق بحقل واسع من أصناف الناس المستبعَدين وأماكن الاستبعاد. وهذا التقديم يعرض بعض الأدلة على الطبيعة المُحيرة والصعبة للمفهوم في كلٍ من الاتحاد الأوروبي ونيوزيلندا.

المراجع

  1. Gerry Rodgers, Charles Gore and José B. Figueiredo, eds., Social Exclusion: Rhetoric, Reality, Responses (Geneva: International Institute for Labour Studies, 1995).
  2. Hilary Silver, "Reconceptualizing Social Disadvantage: Three Paradigms of Social Exclusion," in: Rodgers, Gore and Figueiredo, eds. , pp. 58-80.
  3. Most notably: Silver, "Reconceptualizing Social Disadvantage," but also: J. Andersen [et al.], "The Contribution of Poverty 3 to the Understanding of Poverty, Exclusion and Integration," in: Poverty 3: The Lessons of the Poverty 3 Programme (Lille: European Economic Interest Group, Animation and Research, 1994); Ajit Bhalla and Frédéric Lapeyre, "Social Exclusion: Towards an Analytical and Operational Framework," Development and Change , vol. 28, no. 3 (July 1997); Tania Burchardt, Julian Le Grand and David Piachaud, "Social Exclusion in Britain 1991—1995," Social Policy and Administration , vol. 33, no. 3 (September 1999); P. Conroy, "Evaluation of the Achievements of Poverty 3: Synthesis," in: Poverty 3 ; C. Cousins, "Social Exclusion in Europe: Paradigms of Social Disadvantage in Germany, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom," Policy and Politics , vol. 26, no. 2 (April 1998); Brian Harvey: "Poverty in the European Community: Final Interim Report of the European Provisional Working Group against Poverty," (Source unknown, Combat Poverty Agency Library, Dublin, 1990), and Combating Exclusion: Lessons from the Third EU Poverty Programme in Ireland (Dublin: Combat Poverty Agency, 1994); Bill Jordan, A Theory of Poverty and Social Exclusion (Cambridge, UK ; Cambridge, MA: Polity Press, 1996); David Gordon and Paul Spicker, eds., The International Glossary on Poverty , CROP International Studies in Poverty Research (London ; New York: Zed Books, 1999); Peter Lee and Alan Murie, Literature Review of Social Exclusion (Cambridge, MA: Polity Press, 1999); Ruth Levitas: "The Concept of Social Exclusion and the New Durkheimian Legacy," Critical Social Policy, vol. 46, no. 16 (1996), and The Inclusive Society?: Social Exclusion and New Labour (London; New York: Palgravae Macmillan, 1998); Ali Madanipour, Göran Cars and Judith Allen, eds., Social Exclusion in European Cities: Processes, Experiences, and Responses , Regional Policy and Development Series; 23 (London; Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley; London: Regional Studies Association, 1998); Peace, "Surface Tension"; Percy-Smith, ed., Policy Responses ; Rodgers, Gore and Figueiredo, eds., Social Exclusion , and Graham Room, ed., Beyond the Threshold: The Measurement and Analysis of Social Exclusion (Bristol: Policy Press, 1995), as well as Detailed Reports: Great Britain, Social Exclusion Unit: Opportunity for All: Tackling Poverty and Social Exclusion , Cm (Series); 4445 (London: Stationery Office, 1999), and Bringing Britain Together: A National Strategy for Neighbourhood Renewal , Cm (Series); 4045 (London: Stationery Office, 1998), on the Web: <http://www.cabinet - office. gov. uk / seu/1998/bbt/nrhome.htm>.
  4. Peace, "Surface Tension".
  5. المصدر نفسه، ص.400-397 نيوزيلندا (Aotearoa / New Zealand).
  6. Percy-Smith, ed., Policy Responses, p. 9.
  7. Peace, "Surface Tension," p. 398.
  8. George Lakoff and Mark Johnson, Metaphors We Live by (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1980).
  9. Peace, "Surface Tension," p. 397.
  10. Andersen [et al.], "The Contribution of Poverty 3," and Conroy, "Evaluation of the Achievements of Poverty 3".
  11. Silver, "Reconceptualizing Social Disadvantage".
  12. Democratic Dialogue, "Social Exclusion/Inclusion" (Special Report; no. 2, 1995), on the Web: <http://www.dem- dial.demon.co.uk/index.htm> (Accessed 1 June 2001).
  13. Great Britain, Scottish Office, Social Inclusion: Opening the Door to a Better Scotland; Strategy (Edinburgh: Scottish Office, 1999), pp. 1-2, on the Web: .
  14. Great Britain, Social Exclusion Unit, Opportunity for All.
  15. Bhalla and Lapeyre, "Social Exclusion," Quoted in: Sophie Bessis, From Social Exclusion to Social Cohesion: A Policy Agenda: The Roskilde Symposium, 2-4 March, 1995, University of Roskilde, Denmark , MOST Policy Papers; 2 (Paris: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, 1995).
  16. Rodgers, Gore and Figueiredo, eds., Social Exclusion.
  17. Burchardt, Le Grand and Piachaud, "Social Exclusion in Britain".
  18. المصدر نفسه، ذكر في: , p. 8 Policy Responses.Percy-Smith, ed.,
  19. Percy-Smith, ed., Policy Responses , p. 8.
  20. المصدر نفسه، ص.19
  21. Great Britain, Social Exclusion Unit, Bringing Britain Together.
  22. Percy-Smith, ed., Policy Responses , p. 20.
  23. Peace, "Surface Tension". Great Britain, Scottish Office, Social Exclusion in Scotland: A Consultation Paper (Edinburgh: Scottish Office, 1998), on the Web: .
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2015-10-01

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مجلد 4 عدد 014 (2015): العدد 14

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