الإخوان المسلمون: سياسات الفجوة الجيلية في حقبة ما بعد الثورة

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دراﺳﺎت

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‚_=êbxëÌnð=}`š—Yí{˜xø‹?ŒYíº⁷½⁸Ò{AUÐì|wØÐ}RÌnghRèÚnZšxphiÐ{@ííphT}AÓÐFBí NdAÐ}UÐpL5!Ð×hI‚_˜Upx}cRÓnAí}JÌÕnšiÎíÒØn_šHn=ëÐBüÐpLn+:Ñn˜ZUÐÊn\LúÐ ŒYâiØ@íOÐpRn”ün=Ð|w. ©n—edšUÐ}eLí̺nf˜UÐÒnRí{_=pL5œdU©n›UÐ{I}Cк˜h\4Ќ—T qe\iАšUÐ]HUÐÓÐØnhbUЌYØ{LíÑn˜ZUÐngA}]xšUÐphAĆÉüÐîÍ}UÐN=ï}caUЈRКUÐ . nªEQíº©Ð}aL~UЋhwÐ}=Îí֚aUÐ=̋_fCÐ{˜Lén›Y̺Ónhfh_˜—UÐÒGRéĆBpL5!ÐOÎ ÓÐØnhbUÐÑn]Baiëöf˜šxnwØÐ}RÌípL5!ÐÑn˜IŒYî}BÌphdh@ÓÐ{Aí{œiº}BË{h_ÉDL ºpL5!Ð:n ðAnšaiÐ}›TúÐph=n˜ZUÐÓÐ{AUЌY‹wEQ…YLÚn[>‡SY:‹g_\xnYwíº×hZUÐí ÓnRƚBøЉd>…@}>í. ng—aipx}e_UÐpþaUÐéĆBº Disputing Generational Units å=æ}_ôxnYíÌ hUÎEZšHnYwíºpR}_CÐÚØn[YíÓÐF#ÐæƚBÐíphdh@Ò{AíŠcUï}caUÐëcCÐæƚBÐOÎ ph=n˜ZUÐÚØÐcUЌYØ{_Upx}caUÐíphHnh—UÐÓÐF#ÐÖnšaiÐíâf>ëjZ=pS}ašY…SÐY:pHÐÚ{UÐ ŒYî}BÌÓnþRDLphHnh—UÐÒF#ÐpUn”퐘]bUЍ@šUÐíad—UÐÑn]#ÐpfehwŠ=nbY:ºp]ZfUÐ.((¼) ŠcZUÐ}^iÐ) pL5!ÐOÎNe\fCÐÑn˜ZUÐÊn\LúÐ

}^iкpx}^fUÐng>ÐÚ]>íŠhœUÐêgaYÓĆh[a>UÎâ@}dU (½) Karl Mannheim, Ideology and Utopia; an Introduction to the Sociology of Knowledge , International Library of Psychology, Philosophy and Scienti ¿ c Method (London: K. Paul, Trench, Trubner and co.; New < or N: + arcourt, % race and company, 1952), pp. 282-310; David Kertzer, "Generation as a Sociological Problem," in: Annual Review of Sociology (Palo Alto, Calif., Annual Reviews Inc., 1983), pp. 127 and 143; Richard G. Braungart and Margaret M. Braungart, "Life-Course and Generational Politics," in: Annual Review of Sociology (Palo Alto, Calif., Annual Reviews Inc., 1986), pp. 206- 217; Richard G. Braungart, "Historical Generations and Youth Movements: A Theoretical Perspective," in: Richard E. Ratcliff and Louis Kriesberg, eds, Re V earch in Social 0 ovement V & on À ict V and & hange (Greenwich, Conn.: JAI Press, 1984), p. 104; Alan B. Spitzer, "The Historical Problem of Generations," American Historical Review , vol. 78, no. 5 (December 1973), on the Web: <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1854096> (Accessed 3 September 2011); Marvin Rintala, "A Generation in Politics: A De ¿ nition," Review of Politics , vol. 25, No. 4 (Twenty-Fifth Anniversary Issue) (October 1963), on the Web: <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1405847> (Accessed September 29, 2011); Jane Pilcher, "Mannheim’s Sociology of Generations: An Undervalued Legacy," on the Web: <http://leicester.academia.edu/JanePilcher/ Papers/244971/Mannheims_Sociology_of_Generations_An_Undervalued_Legacy> (Accessed 3 September 2011); Carl H. A. Dassbach, "Long Waves and Historical Generation: A World-System Approach," (September 1995), on the Web: <http://www.longwavepress.com/longwave_social_cycles/oladcha.htm> (Accessed 15 August 2011); Lillian E. Troll, "Issues in the Study of Generations," International Journal of Aging and Human Development , vol. 1, no. 3 (1970), and Marvin Rintala, "Generations: Political Generations," in: David L. Sills, ed., International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences , 17 vols. in 8 (New York: Macmillan Co. and Free Press, 1968-1991), vol. 17.

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Richard P. Mitchell, The Society of the Muslim Brothers , Middle Eastern Monographs; íº¼¼ÄÞº (¼ÄÄĺp˜wí 9 (London: Oxford University Press, 1969), p. 17. 1

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Khalil Al-Anani, "Brotherhood Bloggers a New Generation Voices Dissent," (Online Islam, 2007), on the Web: <www. arabinsight.org/aiarticles/186.pdf> (Accessed 2 October 2011); Marc Lynch, "Young Brothers in Cyberspace," (Middle East Research and Information Project, 2011), on the Web: <http://www.merip.org/mer/mer245/young-Brothers- cyberspace> (Accessed 19 February 2012), and Joseph Mayton, "Young Egyptian Bloggers Seek a More Democratic Muslim Brotherhood," Washington Report on Middle East Affairs, vol. 28, no. 8 (November 2009), on the Web: <http://www.wrmea.com/component/content/article/321-2009-november/6291-young-egyptian-bloggers-seek-a-more- democratic-muslim-brotherhood.html> (Accessed 10 February 2012).

Ñn˜ZUÐîÍÚén[xÎíºpg@ŒYpT}dUŸnh—UЊ˜bš—CÐéAŠÉКUЌYpAn—Yˆd#pUín7½"¼¼. î}BÌpg@ŒYpL5!Ð:nhd_UÐÓÐØnhbUÐO΋*nAGbYí Ønb_iøpb=nHŠeLÝÚí{bLOÎÓ{fšHАšUÐÓnhɚUЌYpLe6pfe\šY}/kCÐsýnšiÓÊn@ ‡SCÐí ºÓÐÚÐ}bUÐ ÙnĺÐ ÓnY~hinchYí pL5œdU ïÚÐØüÐ Šch4Ð ngfY ºÒ{L nxn\S qZSni º}/kCÐ {e7íé5!Ðo_[YíeI{e7ŒY ĄŠTÓÐØngZUnðbRí. pL5œdUphHnh—UÐíph=~"ÐpTÚnZCЌY ïÌëí،YÊn@}/kCÐëÌøκØnIÚüÐošcYæРÎqĻ}/kCÐ{b_ôxëÌßGaCЌYënTºÞn[bUÐ pb=n—UЊe_UÐÝÚíngšfe\>šUÐÓnAÐGSøЂ_=ŒYnðRĺ‰UÙíºpL5!Ð:pxØnhbUÐ~TÐ}CЌY‹LØ.¼¼}/kCÐØnb_iø ŸnhHÑ~AïÌOÎê5\iøÐ:Ên\LúÐpx}ADLpbRÐCÐ (¼ngfYºpYnLphÉ>ÒPLšf?Ð}/kCÐêö{S phdwÌph_eœTÊÐHºpAnšCÐpxWCÐNiÐbUÐʔ:pL5!ЊeLNfb> (½ÅpUÐ{_UÐípx}"ÐÑ~AEQ Ên\LÌN=ÚÐ"ÐíŠÉКdUÓÐfSER> (¾ÅphahKUÐngLn”íúpeýĆCÐÓnahɚUЌYnwEQíÌ ŠhcZ> (ÀÅpRnTÓn^RnCÐ:ehhb>ípL5!ÐÊÐØÌp_=nšCpf!ŠhcZ> (¿ÅpadšžCÐÓn^RnCÐ:pL5!Ð (ÁÅÓÐ}/kCÐíÓÐí{fUÐíÓÐÊnbdUÐ{bLípL5!ÐÊn\LÌN=Ÿnh—UАLUÐPipegYOš>ph=n˜Ipf! DLpT}dUphd_aUÐÓnHÚ5CЅYngSn—>Ðî{YŒY{TjšUÐíºpL5!Ð:px=GUÐÓÐÚ}bCÐ:}^fUÐÒØnLÎ.¼½Ÿnh—UÐ{h_[UÐ ŸnhHÑ~AŠhcZ>ŒY‡SCÐngfYºÒ{Lphdh[a>nðSÐÚíÌ}/kCЀSniºÓnAGbCÐì|woin@OÎ Ú{9. nðbAøànbfUÐì|w}TÙMhHíºÚÐ}bUЅfÉphdeLíºpT}dUeh^fšUЊch4Ð}x]>íºpL5œdU šUÐíºÑn˜ZUÐngde²šUÐÚncRúЌLp”ÐíÒÚ[=Ð öFL>nhÉ>í}/kCÐîš7ëÌOÎÒÚnIüÐ. pL5!Ð:phHnh—UЋ*nHÚn,í×hZUЌYÓÐØnhbUÐÑn]BŒLÒE˜TÒÚ[=‡dšĺ wíº}/kCÐpxnLڂRÚØnIÚüÐošcYŒcUºên_UÐïÌ}UÐê5šwn=ëÐBüÐÑn˜ZUéíúÐ}/kCА^A DLëÐBüÐÒØnhSÒÚ{Sê{LíºpT}"Ð:MBÐØên—biЍij=‰UÙÐí’RŒxE›TëúÕ}A:_”ínY OÎ}=šTÌÁpfx{Y:ïÚÐØüÐošcCÐnLغ‰UÙDLÐðØÚ. ‹*n_d]>íÑn˜ZUÐÊn\LúÐ{biÑn_hšHÐ Ð|wÕ}¶3í. éíúÐ}/kedUNe^fCÐëÐBüÐÑn˜IŒYØ{LìØÐ{LÎ:‹wnHÑn˜ZdU}BË}/kY{bL ÓÐÚÐ}bUЌYNLiN=~hhešUÐÒÚí¦{T̍iÌøκb˜Hï|UÐ}/kCÐÓnhÉ>ŒL>nhÉ>:}/kCÐ ênhbUÐo"nfwíºÊn\LúЅh+pTÚnZYod]š>šUÐpxE[CÐÓÐÚÐ}bUÐw éíúÐ âfUÐpL5!ЊBÐØ

<http://www.onislam.net/arabic/newsanalysis/special-folders-pages/new-egypt/egypt-after-the-janua ry-25/129783-2011-03-26-11-20-24.html> (Accessed 16 January 2012).

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Khalil Al-Anani, "The Young Brotherhood in Search of a New Path," Current Trends in Islamist Ideology , vol. 9 (October 2009), on the Web: <http://www.currenttrends.org/research/detail/the-young-brotherhood-in-search-of-a-new- path> (Accessed 2 October 2011).

دراﺳﺎت

ا+ ﺧﻮان اﻟﻤﺴﻠﻤﻮن: ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺎت اﻟﻔﺠﻮة اﻟﺠﻴﻠﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻘﺒﺔ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﺜﻮرة

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