Foreign Aid between Strategic Objectives, Actors, and Internal Influences in Donor Countries

Authors

  • Author

  • Musa Alaya جامعة صنعاء

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12816/0012016

Keywords:

Foreign Aid, Poor Countries, Donors, International Development

Abstract

With the expansion of donor entities and the growth of their various activities, the questions about foreign aid and the strategic objectives behind it have become essential. This paper asks the following questions: Why do donor entities provide aid to poor countries? What are the most important objectives of these donors? Are humanitarian motives the main factor determining the conduct of donors? Theoretical and empirical studies have addressed these questions in depth from various theoretical backgrounds looking at many areas of the world, but there remains no agreement regarding the most important motives and objectives governing the conduct of donor countries in providing aid to poor countries. This paper seeks to answer these questions by reviewing, analyzing, and adapting the most important studies in international development and international relations to highlight the most important features of the global debate on this issue.

Author Biography

  • Musa Alaya, جامعة صنعاء
    مدرّس في قسم العلوم السياسية في جامعة صنعاء، وباحث في مركز الدراسات التنموية في جامعة رادبود – نيميخن/ هولندا.

References

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  25. وكما ما تم توضيحه في بداية هذه الورقة سيتمّ التركيز على أحد أنواع المساعدات الخارجية: المساعدات الخارجية التي تقدّم من دولة ذات شخصية اعتبارية إلى دولة أخرى ذات شخصية اعتبارية. والهدف في هذا الجزء هو توضيح كيف تؤثّر المؤسسات غير الرسمية داخل الدول المانحة في عمليات بلورة سياسات الدول الخارجية وصنعها في إطار المساعدات الخارجية، وعليه فإنّ الكثير من هذه المؤسسات تستخدم السياسات الرسمية التنموية للدولة المانحة في تعظيم مصالحها الذاتية والأنانية في بلورة سياسات تتوافق مع أهدافها ومصالحها الخاصة. وكما سنتطرق له لاحقًا، فإنّ معظم المنظمات الخاصة التي تنشط في حقل المساعدات الخارجية هي عبارة عن مقاولين لتنفيذ برامج المساعدات الخارجية الرسمية. شكل (2) النسبة المئوية للمساعدات الإنمائية الرسمية لمملكة هولندا من الدخل القومي الإجمالي بين 2003 و 2013 المصدر: منظمة التعاون والتنمية.)2014(
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  29. في هذه النقطة نحن نتكلم عن البلدان التي لديها باع كبير في الديمقراطية أو أنّها بلدان ديمقراطية، ولكن في البلدان المانحة غير الديمقراطية، المؤسسات السياسية التي تؤثّر في عمليات بلورة سياسات المساعدات الخارجية وصنع مختلفة تمامًا، شأنها شأن عمليات صنع السياسات العامة المختلفة والتي في الغالب تعتمد على ترجيحات النخبة الحاكمة واختياراتها وأصحاب القرار السياسي فردية أكانت هذه القرارات أم جماعية.
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  34. في هذه النقطة لا يتمّ الحديث عن أشكال المساعدات الخارجية المختلفة: المساعدات الحكومية – الحكومية، أو المساعدات من القطاع الخاص في الدول المانحة إلى القطاع العام أو الخاص في الدول المستقبلة، وأخيرًا المساعدات من القطاع العام في الدول المانحة إلى القطاع الخاص في الدول المستقبلة، وإنّا يتمّ الحديث عن فئات المنظمات غير الرسمية التي تؤثّر في عملية توجيه سياسات المساعدات الخارجية الرسمية وصنعها، والتي تقدّمها دولة إلى أخرى.
  35. Gustav Ranis, "Giving Up on Foreign Aid ?" Cato Journal , vol. 31, no.1 (Winter 2011), pp. 75-82.

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2015-05-01

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Vol. 3 No. 014 (2015): Issue 014

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Studies and Analytical Papers

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